Researchers from the University of Granada (UGR) uncovered the findings, which suggest important practical implications, particularly for individuals susceptible to insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes.
The research was carried out by the UGR’s PROFITH CTS-977 Research Group in collaboration with the “San Cecilio” and “Virgen de las Nieves” University Hospitals in Granada; the Public University of Navarre; the Centre for Networked Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN); and the Centre for Networked Biomedical Research on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES). The study focused on the impact of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on glucose levels in overweight and obese adults.
It is well-established that physical activity positively influences glucose regulation. However, the timing of the activity—whether in the morning, afternoon, or evening—may play a crucial role in maximizing its cardiometabolic benefits. Led by Antonio Clavero-Jimeno and Jonatan Ruiz from the UGR’s Department of Physical Education and Sports (Faculty of Sport Sciences) and the Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), the study aimed to determine if a specific time of day could optimize these benefits, particularly for those with insulin resistance or at risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
The researchers discovered that engaging in more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during the evening, specifically between 18:00 and 00:00, has a beneficial effect on glucose regulation in both men and women who are overweight or obese. Additionally, those with some form of impaired glucose metabolism—such as higher glucose levels, glycated haemoglobin, or fasting insulin resistance index—appeared to reap more significant benefits from physical activity, regardless of their gender.
A total of 186 overweight or obese adults, half women, with an average age of 47, participated in the study. They were equipped with an accelerometer and a continuous glucose monitor for 14 days to measure their physical activity and glucose levels throughout the day. The days were categorized based on activity levels as either “inactive,” “morning,” “afternoon,” “evening,” or “mixed,” depending on when more than 50% of the recorded physical activity occurred within specified time slots.
These findings underscore the significance of considering the timing of physical activity when prescribing exercise, especially for those prone to insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes. They could enhance the effectiveness of exercise interventions for these groups.
More information: Antonio Clavero-Jimeno et al, Impact of lifestyle moderate-to-vigorous physical activity timing on glycemic control in sedentary adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic impairments, Obesity. DOI: 10.1002/oby.24063
Journal information: Obesity Provided by Universidad de Granada
