Daily Archives: 28 May 2024

Probiotics in kombucha mimic fasting and decrease fat reserves in worms

In a recent study, it has been discovered that the microbes in kombucha tea induce alterations in fat metabolism within the intestines of a model worm species, mirroring the metabolic effects typically associated with fasting. This research was conducted by Robert Dowen and his colleagues at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and their findings were published on March 28 in the journal PLOS Genetics.

Kombucha, a sweetened and fermented tea, has gained considerable popularity due to its health benefits. These include reducing blood pressure, preventing cancer, and protecting against metabolic diseases and liver toxins. The supposed benefits are attributed to the probiotic microbes present in the beverage and their metabolic effects. However, the health claims associated with kombucha have yet to be thoroughly investigated in human studies.

Dowen’s research focused on exploring the impact of kombucha tea’s microbes on metabolism. This was achieved by administering these microbes to the model nematode worm, C. elegans. The study revealed that the yeast and bacteria from the kombucha colonize the worm’s intestines, prompting metabolic changes akin to those observed during fasting. Specifically, these microbes influence the expression of genes linked to fat metabolism, increasing proteins that degrade fats and decreasing proteins that synthesize a type of fat molecule known as triglycerides. Consequently, these alterations lead to a reduction in the fat stores within the worms.

The implications of this study are far-reaching, illuminating how the probiotics in kombucha tea can reshape metabolism in a model worm species, potentially offering insights into their effects on human metabolism. While further research is needed to confirm whether humans consuming kombucha can experience similar effects as those observed in the C. elegans model, the results align with the reported health benefits of kombucha in humans. This could potentially pave the way for the integration of kombucha into future complementary healthcare strategies.

The authors of the study were astounded by the significant impact of the kombucha-derived probiotics on the model organism. They remarked, “Animal consuming a diet consisting of the probiotic microbes found in Kombucha Tea displayed reduced fat accumulation, lower triglyceride levels, and smaller lipid droplets – an organelle that stores the cell’s – when compared to other diets.” These unexpected observations suggest that the microbes in kombucha tea can induce a ‘fastin’-like’ state in the host, even when nutrients are plentiful. This underscores the profound influence that dietary components can have on biological processes and underscores the potential therapeutic benefits of carefully selected probiotics in the diet.

More information: Rachel N. DuMez-Kornegay et al, Kombucha Tea-associated microbes remodel host metabolic pathways to suppress lipid accumulation, PLoS Genetics. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011003

Journal information: PLoS Genetics Provided by PLOS

Unveiling the Oversight: The Neglect of Cancer Research in Older Adults

A critical evaluation of existing research unveils a significant oversight in addressing the intricate nexus of ageing, health disparities, and cancer outcomes among older adults. This revelation emerges from a recent publication in the esteemed Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, spearheaded by Dr. Nikesha Gilmore, a distinguished member of the Wilmot Cancer Institute at the University of Rochester.

With projections indicating a potential doubling in the population of cancer survivors aged 65 and above over the next two decades, the review underscores the pressing necessity for studies aimed at mitigating biases influencing cancer prognosis in this demographic. The absence of research dedicated to disparities, coupled with the lack of policies and targeted interventions to enhance health equity, perpetuates cancer inequities and renders the healthcare system ill-equipped to cater to the distinctive needs of the burgeoning and increasingly diverse older adult cancer populace, as posited by the research team.

This imperative resonates particularly strongly at Wilmot, where the catchment area spans 27 counties in the Rochester region. Notably, this area exhibits a higher proportion (18%) of individuals aged 65 and older than state and national averages. Moreover, the region grapples with an elevated cancer incidence rate surpassing that of New York state and the nation at large.

Dr. Gilmore, an esteemed Assistant Professor of Surgery at the University of Rochester Medical Center and a pivotal figure within Wilmot’s Cancer Prevention and Control (CPC) research program, assumes lead co-authorship of the paper alongside Dr. Shakira J. Grant MBBS, from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Their collaboration includes Dr. Supriya Mohile, a renowned mentor and senior co-author of the study, and esteemed National Cancer and Aging Research Group members. Undertaking a scoping review encompassing articles published between 2016 and 2023, the team’s rigorous analysis garnered commendation from Nancy Lundebjerg, CEO of the American Geriatrics Society.

Dr. Gilmore’s commitment to fostering diversity and nurturing the next generation of researchers is palpable within the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC) community. Notably, she spearheads various initiatives to identify key avenues for future investigation and dismantle barriers for underrepresented undergraduate students keen on pursuing careers in science and medicine. One such initiative is the immersive student enrichment program, EmREACh, which was developed in collaboration with peers at Wilmot and the CPC. EmREACh endeavours to provide mentorship, manuscript writing guidance, and exposure to clinical research and professional development opportunities, thereby nurturing a cadre of diverse, talented individuals poised to drive innovation in cancer research and beyond.

More information: Nikesha Gilmore et al, A scoping review of racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographic disparities in the outcomes of older adults with cancer, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18881

Journal information: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society Provided by University of Rochester Medical Center