Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have discovered that employing an innovative surgical technique to remove acoustic neuromas and slow-growing benign brain tumours enhances hearing preservation and quality of life for patients, alongside excellent facial nerve outcomes.
Published in the May 21, 2024, online edition of Otology & Neurotology, the study highlights significant improvements in patient outcomes following the surgical removal of acoustic neuromas using the middle fossa craniotomy approach. This method involves accessing the area above the inner ear and internal auditory canal, which is crucial for preserving hearing and overall well-being.
Key findings from the research, involving 71 participants, indicate that 68% of patients retained their hearing, with 94% achieving excellent facial nerve function at the one-year post-operative mark. Dr. Rick Friedman, MD, PhD, a professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine and neurotologist at UC San Diego Health, emphasised the transformative impact of preserving hearing, which directly influences patients’ quality of life.
Acoustic neuromas, or vestibular schwannomas, are tumours that develop on the nerve connecting the ear to the brain. Symptoms include tinnitus, hearing loss, dizziness, and balance issues, and if untreated, they can potentially lead to severe complications.
The middle fossa craniotomy approach is specifically tailored for smaller tumours, up to approximately 1.7 centimetres in size, confined to the internal auditory canal. This precise surgical technique involves meticulous tumour dissection while safeguarding surrounding brain structures and the inner ear to preserve hearing.
Julie Sifford, a patient from Las Vegas, highlighted the emotional and physical toll of living with an acoustic neuroma. After experiencing symptoms such as numbness, memory loss, and tinnitus, she sought medical attention and was diagnosed with the tumour in early 2023. Following extensive research and consultation with specialists at UC San Diego Health, she opted for the middle fossa craniotomy, prioritising the preservation of her hearing despite the inherent risks.
Dr. Marc Schwartz, MD, co-director of the acoustic neuroma program at UC San Diego Health, underscored the institution’s status as a Centre of Excellence for treating these tumours. The centre offers advanced surgical techniques and achieves superior patient outcomes. The centre’s multidisciplinary approach ensures comprehensive care, with many patients travelling internationally for treatment.
The study’s outcomes reinforce the importance of tailored treatment approaches and informed decision-making in managing acoustic neuromas. By prioritising patient-centric care and advancing surgical techniques, researchers aim to improve outcomes further and enhance the quality of life for patients globally.
More information: Jiramongkolchai, Pawina et al, Quality of Life for Patients with Sporadic Small Vestibular Schwannomas Following Middle Fossa Craniotomy, Otology & Neurotology. DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000004202
Journal information: Otology & Neurotology Provided by University of California San Diego
